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1995-04-23
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Subject: OPTICAL SETI REVISITED
Date: 8 Aug 91 22:05:08 GMT
The Search For Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) In The Optical Spectrum
or
Optical SETI Revisited
Now I know that quite a few subscribers to rec.video.satellite are
interested in "long-distance TV reception". How about detecting really far-
out signals, i.e., from hundreds of light years away? These signals are
unlikely to be NTSC, PAL or SECAM but they would be of the extraterrestrial
kind. In early May I went back home to England for an extended stay.
Shortly before that trip, I gave an invited talk about "Professional Optical
SETI" to the SETI Institute (NASA - Ames Research Center, Moffett Field).
How many subscribers of this bulletin board are amateur astronomers and
might be interested in Amateur Optical SETI?
Up to now, the general consensus has been that the "magic frequencies" for
such interstellar beacons would lie in the 1 to 10 GHz region, preferably in
the vicinity of the magic wavelength "water-hole" around 1.4 to 1.7 GHz.
For 30 years, radio telescopes have concentrated on this narrow regime,
almost completely excluding the major part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
The popular literature about SETI usually says nothing about the optical
approach, or if it does, dismisses it in a paragraph or two as being
useless. Over the years, several noted scientists, starting with Professor
Charles Townes (of laser fame) in 1961, have raised this matter (in the
literature), only to be shot down by their colleagues. It is my intention
to change how the SETI community views the efficacy of the optical approach.
For the past year I have been working (as a volunteer) through Dr. Robert
Dixon's SETI Group at the Radio Observatory, Ohio State. I have been making
a very detailed case to NASA, mainly via the electronic mail, that much of
the 30 year old Microwave SETI rationale is suspect. No sensible
Extraterrestrial Intelligence (ETI) would be caught dead signalling with
old-fashioned microwaves (microwave photons), but instead would be using the
superior optical technology, either in the visible or near-infrared
spectrum, or in the far-infrared. The Carbon Dioxide laser transition at
10,600 nm could be called a "magic optical wavelength".
For some strange illogical reason, one branch of NASA is directing
substantial R&D in free-space optical communications for the next generation
of deep-space probes, GEO to GEO, and GEO to LEO links, while another branch
of NASA insists that ETIs would not be using this technology to contact
emerging technical civilizations (us). Early next century, when men (and
women) first walk on Mars, the HDTV pictures of that historical event will
come back to Earth most of the way via laser beam, will bounce between
geostationary satellites via laser, and will arrive in people's homes via
fiber-optics. Truly, the mass communications means of the future is
photonic. When, later next century, NASA sends non-relativistic probes to
the nearest star systems, the data and pictures of the encounter with those
solar-systems (hopefully) will come back via laser. So why shouldn't lasers
be the principal means of "electromagnetic" communications in the Milky Way
Galaxy?
Unfortunately, despite protests to the contrary, the SETI community appears
guilty of a severe lack of imagination and contamination with anthro-
pocentric views associated with mid-20th century technology. There has been
as "Assumption of Ineptitude" applied to ETI technical prowess. This term
should not be confused with the "Assumption of Mediocrity" applied to our
own technical civilization. By definition, because we are an emerging
technical civilization, ETI technology to us will appear to be like "magic".
It is humbling to remind ourselves, that a century ago, very few people on
this planet used electricity - we have come a long way in a short time (on
the cosmic timescale)!
Although to date most of my theoretical analysis has concentrated on
Professional Optical SETI, I have more recently started making the case that
amateur optical astronomers could make a useful contribution to the low-
level targeted search of the entire celestial sphere. Such a program would
concentrate on the 800 stars that are presently the subject of NASA's ten-
year Microwave Observation Project (MOP) which is just getting started.
If I find there is sufficient interest out there in Optical SETI, I will
upload some documentation that will further explain my approach, and how I
think that the SETI community is "tuned to the wrong frequencies". This
week, there is a major US-USSR SETI Conference being held at UCSC-Santa
Cruz. I am hoping that the SETI community will find the time to discuss my
revisiting of the optical approach. In time, you will probably get to read
more details about what I have to say in the scientific literature and
glossy scientific magazines.
I believe that amateur optical astronomy clubs and societies could well-
afford the cost of the instrumentation to attach to conventional telescopes,
and thus participate in the greatest hunt ever - the hunt for ETI. It
should be possible to modify an 8" to 12" telescope for about $8,000. If
you are interested in participating let me know. This unofficial poll will
help me judge just how appealing (and exciting) this scientific endeavor
could be to the average citizen. I would like to hear from anyone in
Columbus, particularly those connect with OSU who are not presently
associated with Dr. Robert Dixon's activities and the "Big Ear" radio
telescope in Delaware, to also contact me if they are interested. Since
this message will be read around the world, I would also like to gauge the
international interest in this subject, particularly in the United Kingdom.
Despite my Trekki logo below, the essence of my approach is that ETI optical
photons have been coming in our direction for a long time, except that we
have been too blind (and dumb) to notice. Some might ask "Why bother to
look for extraterrestrial intelligence before we have discovered terrestrial
intelligence"!